Linux file system explained

The first thing you should know when working with linux, is that everything is treated as either a file or directory. Yeap thats right, even hardware is considered a file by linux, and, speaking of hardware… all your hardware devices are located in the /dev directory, but more on that later.

Another thing that confuses windows users, is the fact that linux dosen't use drive letters to distinguish between different partitions and devices. that is to say in linux, the "root" of your filesystem is / whereas in windows it would most probably be C:\ . Drives in linux are "mounted" to directories where their data can then be accessed, so for instance, if you needed to use your thumbdrive, you would plug it into your computer, and then mount it using the "mount" command, which specifies the path to the device ( something like /dev/sdb or /dev/sdc ) and the directory to mount it to (usually /mnt or /media), then you can happily access your drive from the /mnt or /media folder.

Sounds strange right? well yes it does if you come from a windows environment, where the entire operating system is consolidated onto a single drive. However, with linux and the ability to mount devices as directories, it gives the end user much greater flexibility in splitting up their operating system over several drives or partitions.

to understand what I mean when I say that this approach in mounting drives grants flexibility, I must first explain the different folders in linux and what they store

Now in a bit more detail what each folder contains.

/ this is the root folder, all other folders come under root.. think of it as C:\ in a Windows context.

/bin this folder contains all the user-essential binaries (programs) that are needed to administer and run your linux system… delete this folder and your system is broken.

/boot as the name suggests, this folder contains configuration files and other necessary files that are needed by the bootloader

/dev this folder contains device files (remember, these files represent physical devices, so be careful when working with them)

/etc this folder contains all the configuration files used by the system, you can also start and stop services (daemons ) from here

/home this folder contains the home folders of all the normal (non - root ) users on the system .. think of it as my documents in windows

/lib this folder contains software libraries

/media this is a mount point for removable devices… this is where you would usually mount your thumbdrives … etc

/mnt this is a temporary mount point

/opt this folder contains add on software (extra software)

/sbin this folder contains binaries that can only be run as the root user ("superuser")

/tmp this folder contains temporary files that are erased upon reboot

/usr this folder and its subfolders contains user installed programs and utilities and libraries

/var this folder contains files that change alot ("Variable files")

/root this folder contians the root user's files

/proc this is a psuedo folder, that contains information about the linux kernel and hardware that is updated in realtime.

Now back to how mounting grants flexibility…

you see how the different folders all contain parts of the operating system? well we can actually mount a seperate hard drive for each of this folders. for example, your /home folder can be put on another harddrive than your / which means that you can easily recover your personal files if the harddrive on / fails because the harddrive mounted to your /home folder is seperate from the one that is mounted to your /

So there you have it, you now know a little bit more about the nuts and bolts of linux based operating systems.


Print to a network printer from an MS-DOS

Use the net command.

net use lptx \\printserver\sharename /persistent:yes

where x is the number of the printer port that you want to map, where printserver is the print server that is sharing the printer, and where sharename is the name of the printer share.

For example, to map LPT1 to a printer shared as Printer1 on a print server that is named Printserver, follow these steps:

Click Start, and then click Run.
In the Open box, type cmd, and then click OK.
Type net use lpt1
\\printserver\printer1 /persistent:yes, and then press ENTER.
To quit the command prompt, type exit, and then press ENTER.

Note In Windows , non-administrative users cannot map an LPT port to a network printer path when the LPT port exists on the computer as a physical parallel port.

To disconnect persistent LPTx connections, use the following syntax:
net use lptx /delete


Speed Mathematics: Secret Skills for Quick Calculation

Using this book will improve your understanding of math and have you performing like a genius!

People who excel at mathematics use better strategies than the rest of us; they are not necessarily more intelligent.

Speed Mathematics teaches simple methods that will enable you to make lightning calculations in your head?including multiplication, division, addition, and subtraction, as well as working with fractions, squaring numbers, and extracting square and cube roots. Here?s just one example of this revolutionary approach to basicmathematics:

96 x 97 =
Subtract each number from 100.

96 x 97 =
4 3

Subtract diagonally. Either 96?3 or 97? 4.
The result is the first part of the answer.

96 x 97 = 93
4 3

Multiply the numbers in the circles. 4 x 3 = 12.
This is the second part of the answer.

96 x 97 = 9312
4 3

It?s that easy!

http://hotfile.com/dl/38355426/e17c47a/Speed_Mathematics.rar.html


Vedic Mathematics 3 CD Full Interactive Tutorial

5:40 PM by Yash Kalra 0 comments

Vedic Mathematics 3 CD Full Interactive Tutorial

SoftWare | For PC | Windows + MacOS | WMA | 100kbps | 3CD | RAR | 157MB[center]

[center]The very ancient Indian Mathematics Tricks. Vedic is the Holy Book of Hindu.
Just one example:
Suppose you want the square of 35 (any two digit square ending with 5)
Multiply 3 (1st dig) x 4 (1st dig +1) = 12
write then 5 x 5=25
write one after another
So, The answer is 1225.[center]

[center]Download:Hotfile
http://hotfile.com/dl/29663892/5e6ae97/VeD3CD.part1.rar.html
http://hotfile.com/dl/29663924/f3d7b33/VeD3CD.part2.rar.html


Shell commands and Run commands

The commands are divided into two different categories :Shell commands and Run commands. You will be only one click away from all Windows tools, utility, folders and features. Dont you remember the path to gain access to that neat Windows ? Do you wish to clean Internet Explorer cache without rummaging among tricky options? Here is the guide you have always been looking for!

Shell Commands

These commands are especially useful to users, power users and administrators who need to gain access or create shortcuts to difficult-to-reach Windows 7 utilities or locations (such as folder for example). There are two ways you can use these Shell Commands: To create a shortcuts or through Run…

How to Create a Shortcut using a Shell Command.

  1. Right-click any empty space on your desktop.
  2. Click New.
  3. Click Shortcut.
  4. Now, if you want to create a shortcut, you will need to add "explorer.exe" , whiteout quotes, right in front of each Shell command. Here is an example: explorer.exe shell:PicturesLibrary.
  5. So, right after clicking the shortcut link a new window will appear. In the blank field, write: shell:(your Command).
  6. Click Next.
  7. Click OK.

At this point you should see a shortcut icon on your desktop pointing to the the Picture Library.

How to access folders using a Shell Command.

  1. Press the Windows Key + R on your keyboard.
  2. In the blank field, type Shell:(your command). This will let you access every folder in your Windows 7, including hidden folders.
  3. Click OK.

List

  1. shell:AddNewProgramsFolder
  2. shell:Administrative Tools (hidden folder)
  3. shell:AppData (hidden to users)
  4. shell:AppUpdatesFolder (installed updates)
  5. shell:Cache (hidden folder) (Temporary Internet Files)
  6. shell:CD Burning (hidden folder)
  7. shell:ChangeRemoveProgramsFolder
  8. shell:Common Administrative Tools (hidden folder)
  9. shell:Common AppData (hidden folder)
  10. shell:Common Desktop
  11. shell:Common Documents
  12. shell:Common Programs (hidden folder)
  13. shell:Common Start Menu (hidden folder)
  14. shell:Common Startup (hidden folder)
  15. shell:Common Templates (hidden folder)
  16. shell:CommonDownloads
  17. shell:CommonMusic
  18. shell:CommonPictures
  19. shell:CommonRingtones (hidden folder)
  20. shell:CommonVideo
  21. shell:ConflictFolder
  22. shell:ConnectionsFolder
  23. shell:Contacts
  24. shell:ControlPanelFolder
  25. shell:Cookies
  26. shell:Cookies\Low (hidden folder)
  27. shell:CredentialManager (hidden folder)
  28. shell:CryptoKeys (hidden folder)
  29. shell:CSCFolder
  30. shell:Default Gadgets
  31. shell:Desktop
  32. shell:Device Metadata Store (hidden folder)
  33. shell:DocumentsLibrary
  34. shell:Downloads
  35. shell:DpapiKeys (hidden folder)
  36. shell:Favorites
  37. shell:Fonts
  38. shell:Gadgets (hidden folder)
  39. shell:Games
  40. shell:GameTasks (hidden folder)
  41. shell:History (hidden folder)
  42. shell:ImplicitAppShortcuts
  43. shell:InternetFolder (Internet Explorer)
  44. shell:Libraries
  45. shell:Links
  46. shell:Local AppData (hidden folder)
  47. shell:LocalAppDataLow (hidden folder)
  48. shell:LocalizedResourcesDir
  49. shell:MAPIFolder
  50. shell:MusicLibrary
  51. shell:My Music
  52. shell:My Pictures
  53. shell:My Video
  54. shell:MyComputerFolder
  55. shell:NetHood (hidden folder)
  56. shell:NetworkPlacesFolder
  57. shell:OEM Links
  58. shell:Original Images
  59. shell:OtherUsersFolder
  60. shell:Personal
  61. shell:PhotoAlbums
  62. shell:PicturesLibrary
  63. shell:Playlists
  64. shell:PrintersFolder
  65. shell:PrintHood (hidden folder)
  66. shell:Profile
  67. shell:ProgramFiles
  68. shell:ProgramFilesCommon
  69. shell:ProgramFilesCommonX86
  70. shell:ProgramFilesX86
  71. shell:Programs
  72. shell:Public
  73. shell:PublicGameTasks (hidden folder)
  74. shell:PublicSuggestedLocations
  75. shell:Quick Launch (hidden folder)
  76. shell:Recent (hidden folder)
  77. shell:RecycleBinFolder
  78. shell:ResourceDir
  79. shell:Ringtones (hidden folder)
  80. shell:SampleMusic
  81. shell:SamplePictures
  82. shell:SamplePlaylists
  83. shell:SampleVideos
  84. shell:SavedGames
  85. shell:Searches
  86. shell:SearchHomeFolder
  87. shell:SendTo (hidden folder)
  88. shell:Start Menu (hidden folder)
  89. shell:Startup
  90. shell:SyncCenterFolder
  91. shell:SyncResultsFolder
  92. shell:SyncSetupFolder
  93. shell:System
  94. shell:SystemCertificates (hidden folder)
  95. shell:SystemX86
  96. shell:Templates
  97. shell:TreePropertiesFolder
  98. shell:User Pinned
  99. shell:UserProfiles
  100. shell:UsersFilesFolder
  101. shell:UsersLibrariesFolder
  102. shell:VideosLibrary
  103. shell:Windows

Run Commands

Run Commands are quite useful if you want to reach, use, open anything in your Windows 7. What follows are the easy steps to use these commands.

How to use Run Commands

  1. Press the Windows Key + R on your keyboard.
  2. Type the command in the blank field.
  3. Click OK.

List

  1. Add/Remove Programs = appwiz.cpl
  2. Administrative Tools = control admintools
  3. Authorization Manager= azman.msc
  4. Calculator = calc
  5. Certificate Manager = certmgr.msc
  6. Character Map = charmap
  7. Check Disk Utility = chkdsk
  8. Command Prompt = cmd.exe
  9. Component Services = dcomcnfg
  10. Computer Management = compmgmt.msc
  11. Control Panel = control
  12. Date and Time Properties = timedate.cpl
  13. Defragment User Interface = dfrgui
  14. Device Manager = devmgmt.msc
  15. Direct X Troubleshooter = dxdiag
  16. Disk Cleanup Utility = cleanmgr
  17. Disk Management = diskmgmt.msc
  18. Disk Parmelonion Manager = diskpart
  19. Display Properties = control desktop or, alternatively desk.cpl
  20. Ditilizer Calibration Tool = tabcal
  21. Downloads = Downloads
  22. DPI Scaling = dpiscaling
  23. Driver Package Installer = dpinst
  24. Driver Verifier Utility = verifier or, alternatively reset
  25. DVD Player = dvdplay
  26. Encryption File System = rekeywiz
  27. Event Viewer = eventvwr.msc
  28. Fax Cover Sheet Editor = fxscover
  29. File Signature Verification Tool = sigverif
  30. Folders Properties = control folders
  31. Fonts = control fonts
  32. Free Cell Card Game = freecell
  33. Group Policy Editor = gpedit.msc
  34. Iexpress Wizard = iexpress
  35. Internet Explorer = iexplore
  36. Internet Properties = inetcpl.cpl
  37. IP Configuration = ipconfig.exe
  38. iSCSI Initiator = iscsicpl
  39. Keyboard Properties = control keyboard
  40. Libraries = explorer or, alternatively Windows key + E
  41. Local Security Settings = secpol.msc
  42. Local Users and Groups = lusrmgr.msc
  43. Logs You Out Of Windows = logoff
  44. Microsoft Paint = mspaint.exe
  45. Microsoft Support Diagnostic Tool = msdt
  46. Mobility Center (mobile) = mblctr or, alternatively Windows key + X
  47. Mouse Properties = control mouse
  48. Mouse Properties = main.cpl
  49. Network Connections = control netconnections
  50. Network Connections = ncpa.cpl
  51. Notepad = notepad
  52. ODBC Data Source Administrator = odbcad32
  53. On Screen Keyboard = osk or, alternatively Windows key + U
  54. Optional Features Manager = optionalfeatures
  55. Performance Monitor = perfmon.msc
  56. Phone and Modem Options = telephon.cpl
  57. Power Configuration = powercfg.cpl
  58. Printer Migration = PrintBrmUi
  59. Printers and Faxes = control printers
  60. Private Character Editor = eudcedit
  61. Regional Settings = intl.cpl
  62. Registry Editor = regedit.exe
  63. Remote Assistance = msra
  64. Remote Desktop = mstsc
  65. Resultant Set of Policy = rsop.msc
  66. Scheduled Tasks = control schedtasks
  67. Security Center = wscui.cpl
  68. Services = services.msc
  69. Shared Folders/MMC = fsmgmt.msc
  70. Shuts Down Windows = shutdown
  71. Snipping Tool = snippingtool
  72. Sound Recorder = soundrecorder
  73. Sound Volume = sndvol
  74. Sounds and Audio = mmsys.cpl
  75. Spider Solitare Card Game = spider
  76. SQL Client Configuration = cliconfg
  77. Sticky Note = StikyNot
  78. Stored User Names and Passwords = credwiz
  79. System Configuration Editor = sysedit
  80. System Configuration Utility = msconfig
  81. System File Checker Utility = sfc
  82. System Information = msinfo32
  83. System Properties = sysdm.cpl or, alternatively Windows key + Pause
  84. Task Manager = taskmgr
  85. Trusted Platform Module = TpmInit
  86. User Accounts = netplwiz or, alternatively control userpasswords2
  87. Utility Manager = utilman
  88. Windows Activation = slui
  89. Windows Backup Utility = sdclt
  90. Windows Fax and Scan = wfs
  91. Windows Firewall = firewall.cpl
  92. Windows Firewall with Advanced Security = wf.msc
  93. Windows Image Acquisition = wiaacmgr
  94. Windows Magnifier = magnify
  95. Windows Management Infrastructure = wmimgmt.msc
  96. Windows Media Player = wmplayer
  97. Windows Share Creation Wizard = shrpubw
  98. Windows Standalong Update Manager = wusa
  99. Windows System Security Tool = syskey
  100. Windows Update App Manager = wuapp
  101. Wordpad = write

Different shortcuts

These shortcuts let you access specific features and tools in Windows Simply, copy and paste them to the blank field Run.. window and that's it!

  1. Action Center = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL wscui.cpl
  2. Add Network Location = rundll32.exe shwebsvc.dll,AddNetPlaceRunDll
  3. Add/Remove Programs = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL appwiz.cpl
  4. Add/Remove Programs = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL appwiz.cpl,,0
  5. Add/Remove Windows Components = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL appwiz.cpl,,2
  6. Advanced Restore = sdclt.exe /restorewizardadmin
  7. Aero (Transparency feature) Off = Rundll32.exe DwmApi #104
  8. Aero (Transparency feature) On = Rundll32.exe DwmApi #102
  9. Backup Location and Settings = sdclt.exe /configure
  10. Content Advisor = RunDll32.exe msrating.dll,RatingSetupUI
  11. Control Panel = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL
  12. Date and Time = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL timedate.cpl
  13. Date and Time (Additional Clocks) = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL timedate.cpl,,1
  14. Date and Time (Properties) = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL timedate.cpl
  15. Device Manager = RunDll32.exe devmgr.dll DeviceManager_Execute
  16. Device Manager = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL hdwwiz.cpl
  17. Display Settings = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL access.cpl,,3
  18. Folder Options = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Options_RunDLL 0
  19. Folder Options (File Types) = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_Options 2
  20. Folder Options (Search) = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Options_RunDLL 2
  21. Folder Options (View) = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Options_RunDLL 7
  22. Forgotten Password Wizard = RunDll32.exe keymgr.dll,PRShowSaveWizardExW
  23. Hibernate = RunDll32.exe powrprof.dll,SetSuspendState
  24. Indexing Options = control.exe srchadmin.dll
  25. Keyboard Properties = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL main.cpl @1
  26. Lock Screen = RunDll32.exe user32.dll,LockWorkStation
  27. Manage Wireless Networks = explorer.exe shell:::{1fa9085f-25a2-489b-85d4-86326eedcd87}
  28. Map Network Drive = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,SHHelpShortcuts_RunDLL Connect
  29. Mouse Properties = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL main.cpl @0
  30. Network Connections = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL ncpa.cpl
  31. Notification Cache = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Options_RunDLL 5
  32. Open Control Panel (All Items) = explorer.exe shell:::{21ec2020-3aea-1069-a2dd-08002b30309d}
  33. Pen and Touch Tablet PC (Settings) = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL tabletpc.cpl
  34. Pen and Touch Tablet PC (Settings Flicks Tab) = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL tabletpc.cpl,,1
  35. Pen and Touch Tablet PC (Settings Handwriting Tab) = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL tabletpc.cpl,,2
  36. People Near Me = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL collab.cpl
  37. People Near Me (Sign Up Tab) = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL collab.cpl,,1
  38. Personalization = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL desk.cpl,,2
  39. Phone and Modem (Options) = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL telephon.cpl
  40. Phone and Modem (Options Modems Tab) = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL telephon.cpl,,1
  41. Phone and Modems (Options Advanced Tab) = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL telephon.cpl,,2
  42. Power Options = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL powercfg.cpl
  43. Power Options Modify Plan Settings = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL powercfg.cpl,,1
  44. Regional Settings = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL intl.cpl,,3
  45. Restore Files = sdclt.exe /restorewizard
  46. Screen Resolution = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL desk.cpl
  47. ScreenSaver = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL desk.cpl,,1
  48. Set Program Access and Computer Defaults = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL appwiz.cpl,,3
  49. Sound Control Playback Tab = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLLmmsys.cpl
  50. Sound Control Recording Tab = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLLmmsys.cpl,,1
  51. Sound Control Sounds Tab = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLLmmsys.cpl,,2
  52. Stored Usernames /Passwords = RunDll32.exe keymgr.dll,KRShowKeyMgr
  53. System Properties = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl
  54. System Properties (Advanced Tab) = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,3
  55. System Properties (Hardware Tab) = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,2
  56. System Properties (Remote Tab) = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,5
  57. System Properties (System Protection Tab) = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,4
  58. System Properties (Advanced) RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,4
  59. System Properties (Automatic Updates) = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL sysdm.cpl,,5
  60. Taskbar Properties = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Options_RunDLL 1
  61. Unplug Eject Hardware = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL hotplug.dll
  62. User Accounts = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL nusrmgr.cpl
  63. Welcome Center = rundll32.exe oobefldr.dll,ShowWelcomeCenter
  64. Windows (About) = RunDll32.exe SHELL32.DLL,ShellAboutW
  65. Windows Firewall = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL firewall.cpl
  66. Windows Firewall = rundll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL firewall.cpl
  67. Windows Security Center = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL wscui.cpl
  68. Wireless Network Setup = RunDll32.exe shell32.dll,Control_RunDLL NetSetup.cpl,@0,WNSW
  69. Wireless Networks pop-up = rundll32.exe van.dll,RunVAN

Internet Explorer Advanced Settings

  1. Delete All (Deeper Cleaning Including Add-on Data Deletion) = RunDll32.exe InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 4351
  2. Delete All = RunDll32.exe InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 255
  3. Delete Cookies = RunDll32.exe InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 2
  4. Delete Form Data = RunDll32.exe InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 16
  5. Delete History = RunDll32.exe InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 1
  6. Delete Passwords = RunDll32.exe InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 32
  7. Delete Temporary Internet Files = RunDll32.exe InetCpl.cpl,ClearMyTracksByProcess 8


Best Google Tricks

5:06 PM by Yash Kalra 0 comments

Did you know that you can use Google for…

  1. Track flight status Do you want to know what time your flight leave? Here is what you have to write: [your company name] flight [your flight number] Ex: british airways flight 354
  2. Get the local time from any city or location in the world If you want to know the time is in a certain city, write this sentence: what time is it [write here the name of the city] Ex: what time is it New York
  3. Convert everything into anything else Google is the most powerful converter and calculator ever invented. Did you know? You can convert currencies, metrics, number etc. Here are a few examples:
  4. Compare things How many times have you wished to know if something is better than something else? Here is the solution: "better than [write you what you want to compare]" Ex: "better than norton antivirus"
  5. Find Music You can fill Google in with codes that work with everything you are looking for. They are able to change the search engine in a powerful Search Operator. Here is the piece of code: -inurl:(htm|html|php)intitle:"index of"+"last modified" + "parent directory"+ description + size + (wma|mp3) "frank sinatra" Of course you can search something else instead of Wma, mp3 files, and you look for any other singer instead of Frank Sinatra.
  6. Find definitions If you don't know the meaning of a word, you can ask Google! Here is what you have to write: [define: serendipity]
  7. Calculator With Google it is not necessary to buy a calculator. In fact, you can calculate whatever you want within the search engine. Here is how: [100+758+23-254]

But Google goes beyond all that I have just written, and lets you search things in hundreds of different ways. Codes, Boolean search, special characters are just a few examples of what you can use with Google to fine tune your search and manage to look for something that, till some time ago, was really impossible for you to get. Let's start this little trip by learning how Google works with the basic searches.

  1. [red white] Ok, I know, this is really simple but I want to start from here, from what you know to move towards those Google regions that will leave you speechless. This simple search will let you find those pages containing the word "red" and/or the word "white". Nothing difficult so far, right?
  2. [red+white] This search will let you look for those pages containing the words "red" and "white". This is a more specific request that will exclude a lot of unwanted results.
  3. ["red white"] This search will let you look for pages containing the exact sequence of two or more words that are to be next to each other and in the same way they are written. In this example, Google will look for "red white". Nothing else will be taken into account.
  4. [red or white] This search will let you look for pages containing the words "red" or "white".
  5. [red -white] This search will let you look for pages containing the word "red" but without the word "white".
  6. [red ~ white] The little character you see here is called "tilde" and lets you look for pages containing the word "red" and whatever connected with the word "white"

I bet you already knew most of these tricks to search, right? But it is not over yet. Let's go deeper and deeper in our quest for the perfect search with this tips and tricks, and let's learn how to make specific requests to Google.

  1. [chocolate site: cnn.com] This search will let you look for specific pages in the website www.cnn.com and containing the word "chocolate".
  2. [intitle: chocolate: cnn.com] This search will let you look for specific pages in the website www.cnn.com having the word "chocolate" in their titles.
  3. [info: cnn.com] This search will let you look for all the information owned by Google about the website www.cnn.com.
  4. [link: cnn.com] This search will let you look for those websites that link to the website www.cnn.com.
  5. [cache: cnn.com] This search will let you see a copy of the website www.cnn.com stored in Google's server.

Again, Google let you search for information about different things such as: movies, stocks, flight, weather etc. Let's find out how:

  1. [movie: lord of the rings] This search will let you look for the reviews of the movie Lord of the Ring.
  2. [stock:goog] This search will let you look for Google stock exchange information.
  3. [weather New york NY] This search will let you look for the weather in New York.
  4. [fly New York to Las Vegas] This search will let you look for flight from New York to Las Vegas.
  5. [1260 New York Broadway NY] This search will let you look for a address in New York. It will also show you a map from Google maps.

Are you looking for sheet facts about cities, counties, people etc? Are you doing your homework and you are at loss about how to find specific information. Google can help you!

  1. [gdp italy] Gross domestic product of Italy.
  2. [population Italy] Population of Italy.
  3. [location Italy] It gives you an idea where Italy is.
  4. [capital Italy] The capital of Italy.
  5. [anthem Italy] The national anathem of Italy.
  6. [flag italy] The flag of Italy.
  7. [birthday of luciano pavarotti] The birthday of Luciano Pavarotti.
  8. [biography of luciano pavarotti] The biography ofLuciano Pavarotti.

Did you see how many ways you can use Google to look for whatever you want? Google it is not just a regular search engine, but a powerful tool to learn, solve and understand many problems you may face during our daily life. Enjoy it!


Increase Computer Speed by Deleteing DLL Files from Windows

4:55 PM by Yash Kalra 0 comments

Computer speed is one of the most discussed topics here at Web Talk. There is no limit to the quantity of tricks to increase the performance of your PC. That's why I decided to write another article on the subject. This time I want to share with you guys a nice hack which will force your Windows operating system to unload and delete all of its cached, unused and resource eating DLL files (Dynamic-Link Libraries) which slow your system down.

Click Start.
In the Search box, type regedit and press Enter.
Locate the following registry folder: HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \SOFTWARE\Microsoft\ Windows\CurrentVersion \Explorer
Now, right-click on the right pane and from the menu, click New - DWORD.
Name the DWORD AlwaysUnloadDLL and give set its value to 1 (one).
Restart your Windows for the change to take effect!


Turn On Super Administrator Account in Windows 7

4:55 PM by Yash Kalra 0 comments

Windows 7 has got a super administrator account which, by default, is disabled. Such account is automatically created when Windows 7 boots up for the first time but, for security reasons, is hidden from view. Let's see how to turn it on thanks to a simple query in the Command Prompt.

Click Start.
In the Search field, type CMD.
On the list of available programs, right click the Command Prompt icon and click Run as Administrator.
In the black window, type: net user administrator /active:yes
Press Enter.
The system should return you with the following message: The command completed successfully.
Now, exit the Command Prompt and click the Start icon.
Log off from the current account and in the Account window you should now see the Administrator account.
Done!
If you want to turn off the Admin account, type: net users administrator /active:no


BIOS Beep Codes

3:30 PM by Yash Kalra 0 comments

Beep Code

BIOS Beep Codes

When a computer is first turned on, or rebooted, its BIOS performs a power-on self test (POST) to test the system's hardware, checking to make sure that all of the system's hardware components are working properly. Under normal circumstances, the POST will display an error message; however, if the BIOS detects an error before it can access the video card, or if there is a problem with the video card, it will produce a series of beeps, and the pattern of the beeps indicates what kind of problem the BIOS has detected.
Because there are many brands of BIOS, there are no standard beep codes for every BIOS.

The two most-used brands are AMI (American Megatrends International) and Phoenix.

Below are listed the beep codes for AMI systems, and here are the beep codes for Phoenix systems.


AMI Beep Codes

Beep Code Meaning
1 beep DRAM refresh failure. There is a problem in the system memory or the motherboard.
2 beeps Memory parity error. The parity circuit is not working properly.
3 beeps Base 64K RAM failure. There is a problem with the first 64K of system memory.
4 beeps System timer not operational. There is problem with the timer(s) that control functions on the motherboard.
5 beeps Processor failure. The system CPU has failed.
6 beeps Gate A20/keyboard controller failure. The keyboard IC controller has failed, preventing gate A20 from switching the processor to protect mode.
7 beeps Virtual mode exception error.
8 beeps Video memory error. The BIOS cannot write to the frame buffer memory on the video card.
9 beeps ROM checksum error. The BIOS ROM chip on the motherboard is likely faulty.
10 beeps CMOS checksum error. Something on the motherboard is causing an error when trying to interact with the CMOS.
11 beeps Bad cache memory. An error in the level 2 cache memory.
1 long beep, 2 short Failure in the video system.
1 long beep, 3 short A failure has been detected in memory above 64K.
1 long beep, 8 short Display test failure.
Continuous beeping A problem with the memory or video.
BIOS Beep Codes


Phoenix Beep Codes

Phoenix uses sequences of beeps to indicate problems. The "-" between each number below indicates a pause between each beep sequence. For example, 1-2-3 indicates one beep, followed by a pause and two beeps, followed by a pause and three beeps. Phoenix version before 4.x use 3-beep codes, while Phoenix versions starting with 4.x use 4-beep codes. Click here for AMI BIOS beep codes.
4-Beep Codes
Beep Code Meaning
1-1-1-3 Faulty CPU/motherboard. Verify real mode.
1-1-2-1 Faulty CPU/motherboard.
1-1-2-3 Faulty motherboard or one of its components.
1-1-3-1 Faulty motherboard or one of its components. Initialize chipset registers with initial POST values.
1-1-3-2 Faulty motherboard or one of its components.
1-1-3-3 Faulty motherboard or one of its components. Initialize CPU registers.
1-1-3-2
1-1-3-3
1-1-3-4 Failure in the first 64K of memory.
1-1-4-1 Level 2 cache error.
1-1-4-3 I/O port error.
1-2-1-1 Power management error.
1-2-1-2
1-2-1-3 Faulty motherboard or one of its components.
1-2-2-1 Keyboard controller failure.
1-2-2-3 BIOS ROM error.
1-2-3-1 System timer error.
1-2-3-3 DMA error.
1-2-4-1 IRQ controller error.
1-3-1-1 DRAM refresh error.
1-3-1-3 A20 gate failure.
1-3-2-1 Faulty motherboard or one of its components.
1-3-3-1 Extended memory error.
1-3-3-3
1-3-4-1
1-3-4-3 Error in first 1MB of system memory.
1-4-1-3
1-4-2-4 CPU error.
1-4-3-1
2-1-4-1 BIOS ROM shadow error.
1-4-3-2
1-4-3-3 Level 2 cache error.
1-4-4-1
1-4-4-2
2-1-1-1 Faulty motherboard or one of its components.
2-1-1-3
2-1-2-1 IRQ failure.
2-1-2-3 BIOS ROM error.
2-1-2-4
2-1-3-2 I/O port failure.
2-1-3-1
2-1-3-3 Video system failure.
2-1-1-3
2-1-2-1 IRQ failure.
2-1-2-3 BIOS ROM error.
2-1-2-4 I/O port failure.
2-1-4-3
2-2-1-1 Video card failure.
2-2-1-3
2-2-2-1
2-2-2-3 Keyboard controller failure.
2-2-3-1 IRQ error.
2-2-4-1 Error in first 1MB of system memory.
2-3-1-1
2-3-3-3 Extended memory failure.
2-3-2-1 Faulty motherboard or one of its components.
2-3-2-3
2-3-3-1 Level 2 cache error.
2-3-4-1
2-3-4-3 Motherboard or video card failure.
2-3-4-1
2-3-4-3
2-4-1-1 Motherboard or video card failure.
2-4-1-3 Faulty motherboard or one of its components.
2-4-2-1 RTC error.
2-4-2-3 Keyboard controller error.
2-4-4-1 IRQ error.
3-1-1-1
3-1-1-3
3-1-2-1
3-1-2-3 I/O port error.
3-1-3-1
3-1-3-3 Faulty motherboard or one of its components.
3-1-4-1
3-2-1-1
3-2-1-2 Floppy drive or hard drive failure.
3-2-1-3 Faulty motherboard or one of its components.
3-2-2-1 Keyboard controller error.
3-2-2-3
3-2-3-1
3-2-4-1 Faulty motherboard or one of its components.
3-2-4-3 IRQ error.
3-3-1-1 RTC error.
3-3-1-3 Key lock error.
3-3-3-3 Faulty motherboard or one of its components.
3-3-3-3
3-3-4-1
3-3-4-3
3-4-1-1
3-4-1-3
3-4-2-1
3-4-2-3
3-4-3-1
3-4-4-1
3-4-4-4 Faulty motherboard or one of its components.
4-1-1-1 Floppy drive or hard drive failure.
4-2-1-1
4-2-1-3
4-2-2-1 IRQ failure.
4-2-2-3
4-2-3-1
4-2-3-3
4-2-4-1 Faulty motherboard or one of its components.
4-2-4-3 Keyboard controller error.
4-3-1-3
4-3-1-4
4-3-2-1
4-3-2-2
4-3-3-1
4-3-4-1
4-3-4-3 Faulty motherboard or one of its components.
4-3-3-2
4-3-3-4 IRQ failure.
4-3-3-3
4-3-4-2 Floppy drive or hard drive failure.
3-Beep Codes
Beep Code Meaning
1-1-2 Faulty CPU/motherboard.
1-1-3 Faulty motherboard/CMOS read-write failure.
1-1-4 Faulty BIOS/BIOS ROM checksum error.
1-2-1 System timer not operational. There is a problem with the timer(s) that control functions on the motherboard.
1-2-2
1-2-3 Faulty motherboard/DMA failure.
1-3-1 Memory refresh failure.
1-3-2
1-3-3
1-3-4 Failure in the first 64K of memory.
1-4-1 Address line failure.
1-4-2 Parity RAM failure.
1-4-3 Timer failure.
1-4-4 NMI port failure.
2-_-_ Any combination of beeps after 2 indicates a failure in the first 64K of memory.
3-1-1 Master DMA failure.
3-1-2 Slave DMA failure.
3-1-3
3-1-4 Interrupt controller failure.
3-2-4 Keyboard controller failure.
3-3-1
3-3-2 CMOS error.
3-3-4 Video card failure.
3-4-1 Video card failure.
4-2-1 Timer failure.
4-2-2 CMOS shutdown failure.
4-2-3 Gate A20 failure.
4-2-4 Unexpected interrupt in protected mode.
4-3-1 RAM test failure.
4-3-3 Timer failure.
4-3-4 Time of day clock failure.
4-4-1 Serial port failure.
4-4-2 Parallel port failure.
4-4-3 Math coprocessor.


miRC commands

3:29 PM by Yash Kalra 0 comments

If you would like to keep a particularly interesting chat that has scrolled by but is still in your buffer there is a way to save it! Type "ALT -" (alt minus) to enter the system menu under the top left little icon thingy above every channel or private conversation. In this menu select the Buffer/Save As/ entry and save your buffer to a file. Succes!

The LOCK feature in mIRC allows you to minimize mIRC and lock it with a password for strange eyes. If you control-minimize mIRC (keep the Ctrl-key pressed down while minimizing mIRC), it will be locked with your password. If no password was set previously mIRC will ask you for one. Later when you want to maximize mIRC you need your password to activate it. An extention of this feature in the /File/Options/General/Lock/ menu can be used to lock mIRC or certain channels for your children!

Shift+Mouse on Switchbar Did you know that you can 'fast-close' a window in mIRC by clicking its button on the Switchbar while holding the SHIFT key pressed down??

/uwho Ever wondered who you're actually speaking with? The /whois {nick} command shows you a lot of cryptic info in the Status window but the /uwho {nick} command will open a clear and informative User Central. Give it a try! You can also store address info of your friends in the User Central for future reference.

ALT + Minus Press the key combination ALT and 'minus' simultaneous to access the windows' System Menu's (found under that little horizontal bar in every top left corner of ANY window in mIRC and windows). Here you can set the fonts you like, the logging options, save the buffer and set various other things for private and channel conversations.

/clear Use the /clear command to flush away all old text you dont want to read again. /clearall clears all text in all windows!

Remember that old doskey feature under DOS? mIRC has it too! Use the arrow up/down keys, eventually combined with SHIFT, to recall old commands and text lines.

/channel The /channel command will open the Channel Central that displays all modes and bans set on your current channel.

/pdcc Use the undocumented /pdcc [on|off] command to speed up your DCC sessions! It will pump a certain amount of your data packages away to the reciever, ahead of the confirmation of their arrival. Try it, it works .

Quick reference to mIRC's commands:


If you need more info on any command listed here, type /help {command} in mIRC. The list here is far from complete!
/ Recalls the previous line entered in the current window.
/! Recalls the last command typed in any window.
/action {action text} Sends the specifed action to the active channel or query window.
/ame {action text} Sends the specifed action to all channels which you are currently on.
/amsg {text} Sends the specifed message to all channels which you are currently on.
/auser {level} {nick|address} Adds a user with the specified access level to the remote users list.
/auto [on|off|nickname|address] Toggles auto-opping of a nick or address or sets it on or off totally.
/away {away message} Sets you away leave a message explaining that you are not currently paying attention to IRC.
/away A plain away sets you being back.
/ban [#channel] {nickname} [type] Bans the specified nick from the curent or given channel.
/beep {number} {delay} Locally beeps 'number' times with 'delay' inbetween the beeps. /channel Pops up the channel central window (only works in a channel).
/clear Clears the entire scrollback buffer of the current window.
/clearall Clears all text in all open windows.
/ctcp {nickname} {ping|finger|version|time|userinfo|clientinfo} Does the given ctcp request on nickname.
/ctcps [on|off] Sets the Tools/Remote/ section (not) to listen to CTCP commands. Or checks its status.
/closemsg {nickname} Closes the query window you have open to the specified nick.
/creq [ask | auto | ignore] Sets your DCC 'On Chat request' settings in DCC/Options.
/dcc send {nickname} {file1} {file2} {file3} ... {fileN} Sends the specified files to nick.
/dcc chat {nickname} Opens a dcc window and sends a dcc chat request to nickname.
/dde [-r] {service} {topic} {item} [data] Allows DDE control between mIRC and other applications.
/ddeserver [[on [service name] | off] To turn on the DDE server mode, eventually with a givem service name.
/describe {#channel} {action text} Sends the specifed action to the specified channel window.
/disable {#groupname} De-activates a group of commands or events.
/disconnect Forces a hard and immediate disconnect from your IRC server. Use it with care.
/dlevel {level} Changes the default user level in the remote section.
/dns {nickname | IP address | IP name} Uses your providers DNS to resolve an IP address.
/echo [nickname|#channel|status] {text} Displays the given text only to YOU on the given place in color N.
/enable {#groupname} Activates a group of commands or events.
/events [on|off] Sets the Tools/Remote/ section (not) to listen to ON .. Events. Or checks its status.
/exit Forces mIRC to closedown and exit.
/finger {nick|address} Does a finger on a users address.
/flood [{numberoflines} {seconds} {pausetime}] Sets a crude flood control method.
/flush [levels] Clears all nicknames from the Remote/users list that are currently not on your channels.
/font Activates the font selection dialog.
/fsend [on|off] Shows fsends status and allows you to turn dcc fast send on or off.
/fserve {nickname} {maxgets} {homedirectory} [welcome text file] Opens a fileserver.
/groups [-e|d] Shows all (enabled or disabled) groups defined in the remote sections.
/guser {level} {nick} [type] Adds the user to the user list with the specified level and address type.
/help {keyword} Brings up the Basic IRC Commands section in the mIRC help file.
/ignore [on|off|nickname|address] Toggles ignoring of a nick or address or sets it on or off totally.
/invite {nickname} {#channel} Invites another user to a channel.
/join {#channel} Makes you join the specified channel.
/kick {#channel} {nickname} Kicks nickname off a given channel.
/list [#string] [-min #] [-max #] Lists all currently available channels, evt. filtering for parameters.
/load {-apuce} {filename.ini} Loads Aliases, Popups or Remote items into mIRC.
/log [on|off] Shows the logging status or sets it on or off for the current window.
/me {action text} Sends the specifed action to the active channel or query window. Also see /describe and /ctcp action.
/mode {#channel|nickname} [[+|-]modechars [parameters]] Sets channel or user modes.
/msg {nickname} {message} Send a private message to this user without opening a query window.
/names {#channel} Shows the nicks of all people on the given channel.
/nick {new nickname} Changes your nickname to whatever you like.
/notice {nick} {message} Send the specified notice message to the nick.
/notify [on|off|nickname] Toggles notifying you of a nick on IRC or sets it on or off totally.
/onotice [#channel] {message} Send the specified notice message to all channel ops.
/omsg [#channel] {message} Send the specified message to all ops on a channel.
/part [#channel] [message] Makes you leave the specified channel.
/partall Makes you leave all channels you are on.
/ping {server address} Pings the given server. NOT a nickname.
/play [-cpqmrlt] [channel/nick] {filename} [delay/linenumber] Allows you to play text files.
/pop {delay} [#channel] {nickname} Performs a randomly delayed +o on a not already opped nick.
/protect [on|off|nickname|address] Toggles protection of a nick or address or sets it on or off totally.
/query {nickname} {message} Open a query window to this user and send them the private message.
/quit [reason] Disconnect you from IRC with the optional byebye message.
/raw [on|off] Sets the Tools/Remote/ section (not) to listen to Raw commands. Or checks its status.
/raw {raw command} Sends any raw command you supply directly to the server. Use with care!
/remote [on|off] Sets the Tools/Remote/ section (not) to listen to CTCP or Raw remote commands and Events. Or checks its status.
/rlevel {access level} Removes all users from the remote users list with the specified access level.
/run {c:\path\program.exe} [parameters] Runs the specified program, evt. with parameters. Also try /run h**p://w*w.mirc.com etc.
/ruser {nick[!]|address} [type] Removes the user from the remote users list.
/save [-apuce] {filename.ini} Saves remote sections into a specified INI file.
/say {text} Says whatever you want to the active window.
/server [server address [port] [password]] Reconnects to the previous server or a newly specified one.
/sound [nickname|#channel] {filename.wav} {action text} Sends an action and a fitting sound request.
/speak {text} Uses the external text to speech program Monologue to speak up the text. Better use /gtalk with mIRC's Agent support.
/sreq [ask | auto | ignore] Sets your DCC 'On Send request' settings in DCC/Options.
/time Tells you the time on the server you use.
/timer[N] {repetitions} {interval in seconds} {command} [| {more commands}] Activates a timer.
/timestamp [on | off] Sets timestamping on or off for all your conversations.
/topic {#channel} {newtopic} Changes the topic for the specified channel.
/ulist {level} Lists all users in the remote list with the specified access levels.
/url [on|off|show|hide] [address] Opens the URL window that allows you to surf the www parallel to IRC.
/uwho [nick] Pops up the user central with information about the specified user.
/splay {c:\path\sound.file} Locally plays the specified sound file.
/who {#channel} Shows the nicks of all people on the given channel.
/who {*part.of.address*} Shows all people on IRC with a matching address.
/whois {nickname} Shows information about someone in the status window. Also try /uwho.
/whowas {nickname} Shows information about someone who -just- left IRC.
/write [-cidl] {filename} [text] To write the specified text to a .txt file.

mIRC supports lots, lots and a lot more commands... Especially the commands that are used in scripts, with lots of options, are not included in this list. Therefore this list should be seen as a suggestion to get you going


Removing the Disable RegistryTools restriction

Removing the DisableRegistryTools restriction

Method 1: Using the REG.EXE console tool

1. Click Start, Run and type this command:

REG add HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Policies\System /v DisableRegistryTools /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f

You should be able to launch Tweak UI, as well as the Registry Editor.

Method 2: Using the Group Policy Editor (Windows XP Professional only)

Click Start, Run and type gpedit.msc and press ENTER
Go to the following location:

User Configuration | Administrative Templates | System
Double-click Disable registry editing tools and set it to Not Configured
Exit the Group Policy Editor

Note: If the setting already reads Not Configured, set it to Enabled, and click Apply. Then revert it back to Not Configured. This ensures that the DisableRegistryTools registry value is removed successfully.


Useful Run Commands

To Access… Run Command
Accessibility Controls access.cpl
Accessibility Wizard accwiz
Add Hardware Wizard hdwwiz.cpl
Add/Remove Programs appwiz.cpl
Administrative Tools control admintools
Adobe Acrobat (if installed) acrobat
Adobe Designer (if installed) formdesigner
Adobe Distiller (if installed) acrodist
Adobe ImageReady (if installed) imageready
Adobe Photoshop (if installed) photoshop
Automatic Updates wuaucpl.cpl
Bluetooth Transfer Wizard fsquirt
Calculator calc
Certificate Manager certmgr.msc
Character Map charmap
Check Disk Utility chkdsk
Clipboard Viewer clipbrd
Command Prompt cmd
Component Services dcomcnfg
Computer Management compmgmt.msc
Control Panel control
Date and Time Properties timedate.cpl
DDE Shares ddeshare
Device Manager devmgmt.msc
Direct X Control Panel (if installed)* directx.cpl
Direct X Troubleshooter dxdiag
Disk Cleanup Utility cleanmgr
Disk Defragment dfrg.msc
Disk Management diskmgmt.msc
Disk Partition Manager diskpart
Display Properties control desktop
Display Properties desk.cpl
Display Properties (w/Appearance Tab Preselected) control color
Dr. Watson System Troubleshooting Utility drwtsn32
Driver Verifier Utility verifier
Event Viewer eventvwr.msc
Files and Settings Transfer Tool migwiz
File Signature Verification Tool sigverif
Findfast findfast.cpl
Firefox (if installed) firefox
Folders Properties folders
Fonts control fonts
Fonts Folder fonts
Free Cell Card Game freecell
Game Controllers joy.cpl
Group Policy Editor (XP Prof) gpedit.msc
Hearts Card Game mshearts
Help and Support helpctr
HyperTerminal hypertrm
Iexpress Wizard iexpress
Indexing Service ciadv.msc
Internet Connection Wizard icwconn1
Internet Explorer iexplore
Internet Properties inetcpl.cpl
Internet Setup Wizard inetwiz
IP Configuration (Display Connection Configuration) ipconfig /all
IP Configuration (Display DNS Cache Contents) ipconfig /displaydns
IP Configuration (Delete DNS Cache Contents) ipconfig /flushdns
IP Configuration (Release All Connections) ipconfig /release
IP Configuration (Renew All Connections) ipconfig /renew
IP Configuration (Refreshes DHCP & Re-Registers DNS) ipconfig /registerdns
IP Configuration (Display DHCP Class ID) ipconfig /showclassid
IP Configuration (Modifies DHCP Class ID) ipconfig /setclassid
Java Control Panel (if installed) jpicpl32.cpl
Java Control Panel (if installed) javaws
Keyboard Properties control keyboard
Local Security Settings secpol.msc
Local Users and Groups lusrmgr.msc
Logs You Out Of Windows logoff
Malicious Software Removal Tool mrt
Microsoft Access (if installed) msaccess
Microsoft Chat winchat
Microsoft Excel (if installed) excel
Microsoft Frontpage (if installed) frontpg
Microsoft Movie Maker moviemk
Microsoft Paint mspaint
Microsoft Powerpoint (if installed) powerpnt
Microsoft Word (if installed) winword
Microsoft Syncronization Tool mobsync
Minesweeper Game winmine
Mouse Properties control mouse
Mouse Properties main.cpl
Nero (if installed) nero
Netmeeting conf
Network Connections control netconnections
Network Connections ncpa.cpl
Network Setup Wizard netsetup.cpl
Notepad notepad
Nview Desktop Manager (if installed) nvtuicpl.cpl
Object Packager packager
ODBC Data Source Administrator odbccp32.cpl
On Screen Keyboard osk
Opens AC3 Filter (if installed) ac3filter.cpl
Outlook Express msimn
Paint pbrush
Password Properties password.cpl
Performance Monitor perfmon.msc
Performance Monitor perfmon
Phone and Modem Options telephon.cpl
Phone Dialer dialer
Pinball Game pinball
Power Configuration powercfg.cpl
Printers and Faxes control printers
Printers Folder printers
Private Character Editor eudcedit
Quicktime (If Installed) QuickTime.cpl
Quicktime Player (if installed) quicktimeplayer
Real Player (if installed) realplay
Regional Settings intl.cpl
Registry Editor regedit
Registry Editor regedit32
Remote Access Phonebook rasphone
Remote Desktop mstsc
Removable Storage ntmsmgr.msc
Removable Storage Operator Requests ntmsoprq.msc
Resultant Set of Policy (XP Prof) rsop.msc
Scanners and Cameras sticpl.cpl
Scheduled Tasks control schedtasks
Security Center wscui.cpl
Services services.msc
Shared Folders fsmgmt.msc
Shuts Down Windows shutdown
Sounds and Audio mmsys.cpl
Spider Solitare Card Game spider
SQL Client Configuration cliconfg
System Configuration Editor sysedit
System Configuration Utility msconfig
System File Checker Utility (Scan Immediately) sfc /scannow
System File Checker Utility (Scan Once At The Next Boot) sfc /scanonce
System File Checker Utility (Scan On Every Boot) sfc /scanboot
System File Checker Utility (Return Scan Setting To Default) sfc /revert
System File Checker Utility (Purge File Cache) sfc /purgecache
System File Checker Utility (Sets Cache Size to size x) sfc /cachesize=x
System Information msinfo32
System Properties sysdm.cpl
Task Manager taskmgr
TCP Tester tcptest
Telnet Client telnet
Tweak UI (if installed) tweakui
User Account Management nusrmgr.cpl
Utility Manager utilman
Windows Address Book wab
Windows Address Book Import Utility wabmig
Windows Backup Utility (if installed) ntbackup
Windows Explorer explorer
Windows Firewall firewall.cpl
Windows Magnifier magnify
Windows Management Infrastructure wmimgmt.msc
Windows Media Player wmplayer
Windows Messenger msmsgs
Windows Picture Import Wizard (need camera connected) wiaacmgr
Windows System Security Tool syskey
Windows Update Launches wupdmgr
Windows Version (to show which version of windows) winver
Windows XP Tour Wizard tourstart
Wordpad write